Adding a partner to an LLC you started alone

More moving parts than people expect, and doing them out of order creates problems.

Your tax treatment changes

A single-member LLC is generally disregarded for federal tax purposes. Add a member and it's generally treated as a partnership, with a partnership return and K-1s to each member.

That's a different filing regime starting the day it happens, not the following January.

Your operating agreement has to change

If you have one, it was probably written for a single owner and is silent on nearly everything that matters with two: how decisions get made, what happens in a deadlock, how someone exits, what happens if someone dies or divorces, whether either of you can sell to a stranger.

If you don't have one, your state's default rules apply, and they were not written with your business in mind.

The value has to be established

If your new partner is buying in, at what valuation? If they're earning equity through work, over what period and with what conditions? If they leave in a year, what happens to what they hold?

These conversations are pleasant now and impossible later.

Your filings may change

Depending on your state, the addition may need to be reflected in your filing, particularly if you're member-managed. Your bank will want updated documents. Reporting obligations may change.

The order to do it in

1. Agree the commercial terms in writing before anything is signed.

2. Amend or replace the operating agreement to reflect a two-member business.

3. Document the transfer or issuance of the interest.

4. Update state filings if required.

5. Notify your bank and your accountant.

6. Confirm what your reporting obligations now look like.

What to do

Have the hard conversations first: what happens if this doesn't work, if one of you wants out, if one of you stops contributing. The document is just where those answers get written down.

This is general information, not legal advice for your situation. If you want an answer for your business, book a consultation.